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GLP-2(1-33) (human) is an enteroendocrine hormone which can bind to the GLP-2 receptor and stimulate the growth of intestinal epithelium.

GLP-2-treated group demonstrates a 518±22% increase (P<0.05) in mucosal IGFBP-4 mRNA levels as compare with vehicle-treated controls. Because the mucosal expression of IGFBP-4 transcripts is found to be very low relative to that of the whole intestine, FRIC cultures are used as an in vitro model of the entire intestine. FRIC cultures have previously been established to express a functional GLP-2 receptor (GLP-2R) that displays a cAMP response, as well as enhances IGF-1 mRNA expression and IGF-1 secretion in response to GLP-2 treatment. When incubates with GLP-2 (10 M) for 2 hours, IGFBP-4 mRNA expression in the FRIC cultures is also found to be increased, by 40.8±15.2% (P<0.05), compare with vehicle-treated cells.

GLP-2 quickly increases apoB48 mass in the TRL fraction of plasma, which is indicative of chylomicron number, and this is blocked by L-NAME. GLP-2 treatment alone increases postprandial TRL-lipids (slope 3.65±0.73×10 g/L/min vs 1.63±0.28×10 g/L/min, GLP-2 vs control), and this effect is completely mitigated by L-NAME pretreatment (slope 3.67±0.15×10 g/L/min). The GLP-2-induced rise in TRL-apoB48 occurres within 30 minutes and precedes the rise in TRL-TG. GLP-2 acutely increases plasma tritium levels (slope, 1.66±0.25×10 dpm/mL/min vs 1.11±0.17×10 dpm/mL/min, GLP-2 vs control).

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