Perflexane is a perfluorocarbon compound that serves as both an ultrasound contrast agent for perfluorocarbon (PFC)-based microbubble formulations and an enhancer for high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) therapy. In HIFU applications, Perflexane improves treatment efficiency and precision while minimizing damage to surrounding normal tissues. In terms of biological function, this compound increases the expression of HO-1 and IL-10, exerting antioxidant effects that mitigate LPS-induced lung injury, making it suitable for acute lung injury research. However, Perflexane also exhibits developmental toxicity, inducing memory impairment and downregulation of neurotrophic proteins via the NMDA receptor-mediated PKC-ERK/AMPK signaling pathway, while disrupting the estrous cycle, ovulation rate, oocyte communication, and calcium homeostasis in mice.